Demographics
Borough population by race & ethnicity, age distribution, and health disparities · ACS 2023 + NYC DOHMH
Race & Ethnicity by Borough
LIVE% of borough population · ACS 2022
NYC Population by Race / Ethnicity
Total NYC: 8,516,202 · ACS 2022 5-year estimates
| Hispanic / Latino | 2,420,539 | 28.4% |
| Non-Hispanic White | 2,665,966 | 31.3% |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1,773,772 | 20.8% |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 1,236,241 | 14.5% |
| Other / Multiracial | 419,684 | 4.9% |
⚠ Census Data Gaps
Middle Eastern / North African (MENA)
MENA populations are classified as Non-Hispanic White in Census B03002. NYC has a substantial Arab-American, Yemeni, Egyptian, and Iranian community — but no separate ACS category exists at the county level. A standalone MENA category was piloted in the 2020 Census but is not yet in ACS 5-year tables.
Caribbean Heritage
Afro-Caribbean New Yorkers (Jamaican, Haitian, Trinidadian, Barbadian, etc.) are counted within Non-Hispanic Black. Caribbean Hispanic (Dominican, Puerto Rican, Cuban) are in Hispanic / Latino. No separate "Caribbean" census category exists.
Central Asian
Uzbek, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and other Central Asian communities are counted within Asian alone (B02015) or White — depending on self-identification. Separate ACS estimates are not available at the borough level.
Asian American Subgroups — NYC
2022ACS 2022 · B02015 · NYC total ~1.24 million
Asian Subgroup Key
NYC is home to the largest South Asian community outside South Asia, and one of the largest Chinese-American populations globally.
East Asian
Chinese, Taiwanese, Korean, Japanese
South Asian
Indian, Bangladeshi, Pakistani, Nepalese, Sri Lankan
Southeast Asian
Filipino, Vietnamese, Cambodian, Thai, Indonesian & others
Other Asian
Hmong, Mongolian, Okinawan, and other groups
Note: Census B02015 does not separately identify Middle Eastern or Central Asian subgroups. Uzbek, Kazakh, and similar communities may self-report as Asian or White.
Age Distribution by Borough
2022% of borough population · ACS 2022 estimates
Age Highlights
Bronx — Youngest median age (~34)
24% under 18 · highest child share of any borough
Manhattan — Oldest median age (~37)
Only 16% under 18 · 16% seniors
Queens — Most working-age adults
27% ages 35–54 · large immigrant workforce
Brooklyn — Largest raw senior population
~380K adults 65+ — more than any other borough
Source: ACS 2023 5-year estimates · B01001
Poverty Rate by Borough
LIVE% below federal poverty line · ACS 2022
Median Household Income by Borough
LIVEDollars · ACS 2022 5-year estimates
Uninsured Rate by Borough
LIVE% without health insurance · ACS 2022 5-year estimates
Health Disparities by Race / Ethnicity
2022NYC DOHMH Community Health Survey 2022 · adults 18+
Life Expectancy by Race / Ethnicity
2019NYC · 2019 pre-COVID baseline · NYC DOHMH Vital Statistics
Life Expectancy Gap
The 12.6-year gap between NH Asian (87.1y) and NH Black (74.5y) New Yorkers reflects compounding inequities in housing, air quality, healthcare access, chronic disease burden, and wealth.
The Hispanic paradox — higher life expectancy than NH White despite higher poverty rates — is observed in NYC and nationally, partly explained by the healthy immigrant effect and stronger family support networks.
4Bronx effect
The Bronx (life exp. 79.0y, lowest of any NYC borough) has the highest share of Black and Hispanic residents — health geography and race are deeply intertwined.
Source: NYC DOHMH Vital Statistics 2019 (pre-COVID baseline)
Data Sources & Methodology
Race / Ethnicity (B03002)
U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-year estimates 2023 (released Dec 2024). Population counts query the Census API (revalidated monthly). Race categories follow the Census OMB standard: people can identify with one or more races; Hispanic / Latino is an ethnicity, not a race, and can be any race.
Health Disparities (NYC CHS)
NYC DOHMH Community Health Survey 2022. Telephone survey of ~10,000 NYC adults annually. Estimates are weighted to be representative of NYC adults 18+ and carry a margin of error (typically ±2–4 percentage points). Asian health data may under-represent newer immigrant groups due to language barriers in survey administration.
Race, poverty, and income data live from U.S. Census ACS API · revalidates monthly